Extensive clinical and systematic data indicate that Tribulus terrestris supports male reproductive and sexual health. Randomized controlled studies demonstrate improvements in libido, erectile function, and sperm motility, along with mild increases in serum testosterone in men with reduced androgen levels. Meta-analyses and reviews highlight its benefits in managing mild erectile dysfunction and enhancing exercise performance through antioxidant and anti-inflammatory mechanisms. Its adaptogenic properties further contribute to reduced fatigue and improved vitality. Overall, Tribulus terrestris is supported by human data as a safe, plant-based agent promoting male hormonal and sexual wellbeing.
Tribulus terrestris is a key ingredient in Testo FORMULA.
1) Libido, Erectile Dysfunction & Sexual Function
1: Santos HO, Howell S, Teixeira FJ. Beyond tribulus (Tribulus terrestris L.): The effects of phytotherapics on testosterone, sperm and prostate parameters. J Ethnopharmacol. 2019 May 10;235:392-405. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.02.033. Epub 2019 Feb 18. PMID: 30790614.
2: Fernández-Lázaro D, Mielgo-Ayuso J, Del Valle Soto M, Adams DP, González- Bernal JJ, Seco-Calvo J. The Effects of 6 Weeks of Tribulus terrestris L. Supplementation on Body Composition, Hormonal Response, Perceived Exertion, and CrossFit® Performance: A Randomized, Single-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study. Nutrients. 2021 Nov 7;13(11):3969. doi: 10.3390/nu13113969. PMID: 34836225; PMCID: PMC8623187.
3: Fernández-Lázaro D, Fernandez-Lazaro CI, Seco-Calvo J, Garrosa E, Adams DP, Mielgo-Ayuso J. Effects of Tribulus terrestris L. on Sport and Health Biomarkers in Physically Active Adult Males: A Systematic Review. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Aug 3;19(15):9533. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19159533. PMID: 35954909; PMCID: PMC9368143.
4: GamalEl Din SF. Role of Tribulus terrestris in Male Infertility: Is It Real or Fiction? J Diet Suppl. 2018 Nov 2;15(6):1010-1013. doi: 10.1080/19390211.2017.1402843. Epub 2017 Dec 20. PMID: 29261340.
5: Kamenov Z, Fileva S, Kalinov K, Jannini EA. Evaluation of the efficacy and safety of Tribulus terrestris in male sexual dysfunction-A prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Maturitas. 2017 May;99:20-26. doi: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2017.01.011. Epub 2017 Feb 12. PMID: 28364864.
6: Vilar Neto JO, de Moraes WMAM, Pinto DV, da Silva CA, Caminha JSR, Nunes Filho JCC, Reis CEG, Prestes J, Santos HO, De Francesco Daher E. Effects of Tribulus (Tribulus terrestris L.) Supplementation on Erectile Dysfunction and Testosterone Levels in Men-A Systematic Review of Clinical Trials. Nutrients. 2025 Apr 6;17(7):1275. doi: 10.3390/nu17071275. PMID: 40219032; PMCID: PMC11990417.
7: Suharyani S, Amanda B, Angellee J, William W, Hariyanto TI, I’tishom R. Tribulus terrestris for management of patients with erectile dysfunction: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials. Int J Impot Res. 2025 May 13. doi: 10.1038/s41443-025-01086-7. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 40360723.
8: Kovac JR, Pan M, Arent S, Lipshultz LI. Dietary Adjuncts for Improving Testosterone Levels in Hypogonadal Males. Am J Mens Health. 2016 Nov;10(6):NP109-NP117. doi: 10.1177/1557988315598554. Epub 2015 Aug 13. PMID: 26272885.
9: Neychev V, Mitev V. Pro-sexual and androgen enhancing effects of Tribulus terrestris L.: Fact or Fiction. J Ethnopharmacol. 2016 Feb 17;179:345-55. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2015.12.055. Epub 2015 Dec 28. PMID: 26727646.
10: GamalEl Din SF, Abdel Salam MA, Mohamed MS, Ahmed AR, Motawaa AT, Saadeldin OA, Elnabarway RR. Tribulus terrestris versus placebo in the treatment of erectile dysfunction and lower urinary tract symptoms in patients with late- onset hypogonadism: A placebo-controlled study. Urologia. 2019 May;86(2):74-78. doi: 10.1177/0391560318802160. Epub 2018 Sep 25. PMID: 30253697.
11: Kuchakulla M, Narasimman M, Soni Y, Leong JY, Patel P, Ramasamy R. A systematic review and evidence-based analysis of ingredients in popular male testosterone and erectile dysfunction supplements. Int J Impot Res. 2021 Apr;33(3):311-317. doi: 10.1038/s41443-020-0285-x. Epub 2020 May 1. PMID: 32358510.
12: Santos CA Jr, Reis LO, Destro-Saade R, Luiza-Reis A, Fregonesi A. Tribulus terrestris versus placebo in the treatment of erectile dysfunction: A prospective, randomized, double blind study. Actas Urol Esp. 2014 May;38(4):244-8. English, Spanish. doi: 10.1016/j.acuro.2013.09.014. Epub 2014 Mar 14. PMID: 24630840.
13: Roaiah MF, Elkhayat YI, Abd El Salam MA, Din SFG. Prospective Analysis on the Effect of Botanical Medicine (Tribulus terrestris) on Serum Testosterone Level and Semen Parameters in Males with Unexplained Infertility. J Diet Suppl. 2017 Jan 2;14(1):25-31. doi: 10.1080/19390211.2016.1188193. Epub 2016 Jun 23. Erratum in: J Diet Suppl. 2018 Nov 2;15(6):1014. doi: 10.1080/19390211.2018.1459390. PMID: 27337519.
14: Sansalone S, Leonardi R, Antonini G, Vitarelli A, Vespasiani G, Basic D, Morgia G, Cimino S, Russo GI. Alga Ecklonia bicyclis, Tribulus terrestris, and glucosamine oligosaccharide improve erectile function, sexual quality of life, and ejaculation function in patients with moderate mild-moderate erectile dysfunction: a prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled, single-blinded study. Biomed Res Int. 2014;2014:121396. doi: 10.1155/2014/121396. Epub 2014 Jul 20. PMID: 25136552; PMCID: PMC4127274.
15: Sansalone S, Russo GI, Mondaini N, Cantiello F, Antonini G, Cai T. A combination of tryptophan, Satureja montana, Tribulus terrestris, Phyllanthus emblica extracts is able to improve sexual quality of life in patient with premature ejaculation. Arch Ital Urol Androl. 2016 Oct 5;88(3):171-176. doi: 10.4081/aiua.2016.3.171. PMID: 27711088.
16: Sengupta G, Hazra A, Kundu A, Ghosh A. Comparison of Murraya koenigii- and Tribulus terrestris-based oral formulation versus tamsulosin in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia in men aged >50 years: a double-blind, double- dummy, randomized controlled trial. Clin Ther. 2011 Dec;33(12):1943-52. doi: 10.1016/j.clinthera.2011.11.005. PMID: 22177370.
17: Borrelli F, Colalto C, Delfino DV, Iriti M, Izzo AA. Herbal Dietary Supplements for Erectile Dysfunction: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Drugs. 2018 Apr;78(6):643-673. doi: 10.1007/s40265-018-0897-3. PMID: 29633089.
18: Tahvilzadeh M, Hajimahmoodi M, Toliyat T, Karimi M, Rahimi R. An evidence- based approach to medicinal plants for the treatment of sperm abnormalities in traditional Persian medicine. Andrologia. 2016 Oct;48(8):860-79. doi: 10.1111/and.12676. PMID: 27681644.